N°3, novembre - décembre 2008

Premier Empire

Histoire économique et financière

Did the war pay the war? An assessment of Napoleon’s attempts to make his campaigns self-financing
Pierre BRANDA, Historien des finances et de l'économie
RésuméAbstract

“You must make it your guiding principle that the war must feed the war,” Such was Napoleon’s recommendation to Marshal Soult in 1810. The Duke of Dalmatia was also told to take “the most efficient measures possible to provide for the pay and material needs of your army”. The three methods used to achieve this goal were: the seizure of money and property (so-called ordinary contributions or saisies ordinaires); the financial gain derived from peace treaties; and the amounts saved via the policy of using allied troops or by having French soldiers maintained by the allied states in which they were stationed. This article is firstly a discussion of this, Napoleon’s attempt to make his campaigns abroad self financing and secondly an assessment as to whether he succeeded. It includes four appendices giving the financial details.

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