N°2, octobre - novembre 2008

Premier Empire

Diplomatie

Les relations franco-marocaines sous le Consulat et l’Empire, par Thierry Lentz
Thierry LENTZ, Historien, directeur de la Fondation Napoléon (Paris)
RésuméAbstract

Even though North Africa fascinated the French much less than the Orient, the Napoleonic government and those in business were well aware of its importance. The region could provide a point of control in the Mediterranean and, because of the diversity of its produce, participate in the development of foreign trade. Of all the North-African entities, Morocco was the most promising in terms of potential partners. This independent, thousand-year-old kingdom was the only Moslem, Mediterranean state which was not under the aegis of the Ottoman Empire, the other three territories (Algiers, Tunis, and Tripoli) being «regencies», governed by Deys, and nominally dependent upon the Sultan of Constantinople. It did not reject commerce with Europe, fought piracy and had a modern (although slightly incomprehensible to Europe eyes) state structure. Morocco controlled one of shores of the straits of Gibraltar. Whilst Napoleon became interested in this country for commercial reasons and his primary concern was strategic. After an initially slack period, Franco-Moroccan relations seemed to become warmer during Tilsit. But this development was ruined by the occupation of Spain and Napoleon’s imperial pretensions which in the end pushed Morocco into the arms of the British.

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