N°1, mai - août 2008

Premier Empire

Bibliographie

La politique coloniale de la France de 1789 à 1815
Chantal LHEUREUX-PREVOT, Bibliothécaire, Fondation Napoléon (France, Paris)
RésuméAbstract

"Hell’s bells, I have heard nothing but ‘blathering on’ about the colonies for the last five years. And what was it all about? Just noise, sounding off!" These are the words of a corporal, the mouth piece of the people, in a pamphlet published in 1795. And it is true, as this bibliography of 600 entries shows, the colonies were the object of much discussion and controversy.

The first part of the bibliography here comprises documents contemporary with the events they discuss, and these are arranged by period (Revolution, Consulate, and Empire) and then by author. Throughout the years of the Revolution, there was lively debate regarding the colonies, the demands of non-white peoples, their destiny, how they were to be represented at the Estates General, elections and the importance of commerce for the islands. These debates engendered a large number of publications, both in the form of speeches and papers published by members of the different assemblies, by colonists and by freedmen. This ideological effervescence marks the last five years of the century before giving way to critiques or reports on the situation in Saint-Domingue. The "troubles" or «Affairs in Saint-Domingue", the wealthiest of the colonies, caught everyone’s attention.

Publications on the colonies become rare during the Consulate, coming almost exclusively from colonists demanding order and tranquillity for the benefit of commerce and demanding the continuation of slavery.

The pamphlets published during the First Empire, and later during the Restoration reveal resignation and bitterness regarding the loss of the finest of the colonies, Saint-Domingue now called Haiti. A good number of the publications came from colonists demanding compensation.

The modern books and articles which make up the second part are arranged by theme and author.

The fight against slavery is the theme which links the majority of the books published on the history of the colonies during the Revolution and the Empire. Public opinion is revealed via the extracts from letter and journals written by the principal players and other contemporaries. Of these contemporaries, the figure of Toussaint Louverture sticks out, and he is the subject of many biographies. In the same way, of all the colonies, the history of Haiti remains the most studied.

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